I just finished reading
Brave New World, the great novel by Aldous Huxley. For those unacquainted, the book tells of a not-too-distant future where people are manufactured and conditioned from conception to take their place in society. A world government has absolute control over every aspect of society, including individual consumption, occupation, and even religion. I love dystopian stories like this because they allow the author to factor out selected variables in daily life, and explore the meaning behind those that he or she chooses (I hope that made sense).
Brave New World does not disappoint - in the final chapters there pages upon pages of biting commentary on the purpose of life, the role of religion and government in society, and the hard choice between happiness and truth. I picked out a few of the more thought provoking sections, given below.
* * *
"Well, duty's duty. One can't can't consult one's own preferences. I'm interested in truth, I like science. But truth's a menace, science is a public danger. As dangerous as it's been beneficent. It has given us the stablest equilibrium in history."
* * *
"What's the point of truth or beauty or knowledge when the anthrax bombs are popping all around you? That was when science first began to be controlled--after the Nine Years' war. People were ready to have even their appetites controlled then. Anything for a quiet life. We've gone on controlling ever since. It hasn't been very good for truth, of course. But it's been very good for happiness. One can't have something for nothing. Happiness has got to be paid for."
* * *
The Savage Interrupted him. "But isn't it
natural to feel there's a God?"
"You might as well ask if it's natural to do up one's trousers with zippers," said the Controller sarcastically. "You remind me of another of those old fellows called Bradley. He defined philosophy as the finding of bad reason for what one believes by instinct. As if one believed anything by instinct! One believes things because one has been conditioned to believe them. Finding bad reasons for what one believes for other bad reasons--that's philosophy. People believe in God because they have been conditioned to believe in God."
"But all the same," insisted the Savage, "it is natural to believe in God when you're alone--quite alone, in the night, thinking about death..."
"But people are never alone now," said Mustapha Mond. "We make them hate solitude; and we arrange their lives so that it's almost impossible for them ever to have it."
* * *
"But God's the reason for everything noble and fine and heroic. If you had a God..."
"My dear young friend," said Mustapha Mond, "civilization has absolutely no need of nobility or heroism. These things are symptoms of political inefficiency. In a properly organized society like ours, nobody has any opportunities for being noble or heroic. Conditions have got to be thoroughly unstable before the occasion can arise. Where there are wars, where there are divided allegiances, where there are temptations to be resisted, objects of love to be fought for or defended--there obviously, nobility and heroism have some sense. But there aren't any wars nowadays. The greatest care is taken to prevent you from loving any one too much. There's no such thing as a divided allegiance you're so conditioned that you can't help doing what you ought to do. And what you ought to do is on the whole so pleasant, so many of the natural impulses are allowed free play, that there really aren't any temptations to resist.
* * *
"But I don't want comfort. I want God, I want poetry, I want real danger, I want freedom, I want goodness. I want sin."
"In fact," said Mustapha Mond, "you're claiming the right to be unhappy"
"All right then," said the Savage defiantly, "I'm claiming the right to be unhappy."
"Not to mention the right to grow old and ugly and impotent; the right to have syphilis and cancer; the right to have too little to eat; the right to be lousy; the right to live in constant apprehension of what may happen to-morrow; the right to catch typhoid; the right to be tortured by unspeakable pains of every kind."
There was a long silence.
"I claim them all", said the Savage at last.
Mustapha Mond shrugged his shoulders. "You're welcome," he said.